Ceramics were one of the greatest inventions the Chinese civilization has provided for the world. The English word “China” for ceramics has become the country’s name. In the 16th century BC, China had already produced the first ceramics amid the Shang Dynasty. Chinese porcelain and chinaware[1]  pottery evolved from ceramics. There are two types of pottery ware: ceramic and porcelain. Usually, greenware that has not been heated compactly is called “ceramics”. Amongst them, greenware that has been fired at higher temperatures is called earthenware, then glazed ones are “glazed ceramics”. Those fired at more extreme temperatures, with denser sintering results, are called “porcelain”. Wares[2]  include jars and bowls. White glazed porcelain first appeared during the Northern and Southern dynasties and became fully developed in the Sui dynasty.

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As productive forces improved, ceramic craftsmanship was enhanced and innovated, forming artistry and techniques that were typical to different eras. For example, Sancai glazed ceramics[1]  symbolize the prosperity of the Sui and Tang dynasties. In the Song dynasty, the golden age of Chinese ceramics emerged with many famous ceramic wares. In the Ming dynasty, this went back to simple white porcelain, adding practical value to the otherwise decorative chinas. During the high Qing era, under the reign of the Kangxi, Yongzheng, and Qianlong Emperors, China’s porcelain techniques went to its finest, with greater improvements and innovations. The Jilin Manchu Museum has over 60 pottery collections, this book introduces those of the Qing dynasty and Republic era, with different styles and purposes, including bowls, plates, wine vessels, jars, and more.